Spermine

Thank you for visiting nature. You spermine using a browser version with limited support for CSS.

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Dysregulation of polyamine metabolism has been linked to the development of colorectal cancer CRC , but the underlying mechanism is incompletely characterized. Targeted disruption of SMS in CRC cells results in spermidine accumulation, which inhibits FOXO3a acetylation and allows subsequent translocation to the nucleus to transcriptionally induce expression of the proapoptotic protein Bim. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of MYC activity in SMS-depleted CRC cells dramatically induces Bim expression and apoptosis and causes tumor regression, but these effects are profoundly attenuated by silencing Bim.

Spermine

Spermidine is a polyamine compound C 7 H 19 N 3 found in ribosomes and living tissues and having various metabolic functions within organisms. It was originally isolated from semen. Spermidine is an aliphatic polyamine. Spermidine synthase SPDS catalyzes its formation from putrescine. It is a precursor to other polyamines, such as spermine and its structural isomer thermospermine. Spermidine is a longevity agent in mammals due to various mechanisms of action, which are just beginning to be understood. Autophagy is the main mechanism at the molecular level, but evidence has been found for other mechanisms, including inflammation reduction, lipid metabolism, and regulation of cell growth, proliferation, and death. Spermidine is known to regulate plant growth, assisting the in vitro process of transcribing RNA, and inhibition of NOS. Also, spermidine is a precursor to other polyamines, such as spermine and thermospermine, some of which contribute to tolerance against drought and salinity in plants. Spermidine has been tested and discovered to encourage hair shaft elongation and lengthen hair growth. Good dietary sources of spermidine are aged cheese, mushrooms, soy products, legumes, corn, and whole grains.

The source data underlying Figs.

Non-enzymatic glycation between proteins and carbohydrates, such as advanced glycation end products AGEs , are naturally occurring compounds implicated in aging and numerous degenerative diseases. Tsutsui, A. Pradipta, S. Kitazume, N. Taniguchi and K. Tanaka, Org.

Spermine is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism that is found in all eukaryotic cells. The precursor for synthesis of spermine is the amino acid ornithine. It is an essential growth factor in some bacteria as well. It is found as a polycation at physiological pH. Spermine is associated with nucleic acids and is thought to stabilize helical structure, particularly in viruses. It functions as an intracellular free radical scavenger to protect DNA from free radical attack. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first described crystals of spermine phosphate in human semen in A derivative of spermine, N 1 , N 12 -bis ethyl spermine also known as BESm was investigated in the late s along with similar polyamine analogues for its potential as a cancer therapy.

Spermine

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are the important polyamines PAs , found in all living organisms. PAs are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they facilitate cell growth and development via different cellular responses. PAs are the integrated part of the cellular and genetic metabolism and help in transcription, translation, signaling, and post-translational modifications.

Fuego y agua online

Another pathway in plants starts with decarboxylation of L-arginine to produce agmatine. Tavladoraki, P. Further information on research design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this article. Oncogene 33 , — Polyamine-blocking therapy reverses immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Bianchi, M. Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas and argon as collision gas. The k obs values at varying Spm were fit to a competitive model for time-dependent inhibition. Dym, O. Coot: model-building tools for molecular graphics.

Polyamines play important roles in cell physiology including effects on the structure of cellular macromolecules, gene expression, protein function, nucleic acid and protein synthesis, regulation of ion channels, and providing protection from oxidative damage. Vertebrates contain two polyamines, spermidine and spermine, as well as their precursor, the diamine putrescine.

About this article. Posttranslational modifications control FoxO3 activity during denervation. Basel, Switzerlan Free Radic Biol Med. Discovery of metal-binding proteins by thermal proteome profiling Article 26 February This could make spermine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Sierra, J. West Cadwell, N. Yue, F. View author publications.