Sv40

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Asbestos likely may increase the risk of mesothelioma in these individuals 5. However, the increase of mesothelioma in the s coincided with human exposure to simian virus 40 SV40 to which the human population was exposed massively between — when poliovaccines were contaminated with viable, infectious SV40 6 - 8. Here the authors summarize these issues. Gazdar, our co-author, had just started to write this article when he unexpectedly became ill and died; the coauthors completed the work he had started. SV40 is a DNA tumor virus that is endemic in rhesus monkeys. Because poliovaccines were initially prepared by growing the poliovirus in primary rhesus monkey kidney cells in tissue culture, many lots of poliovaccines in the US were contaminated with SV40 from until 8 , 9.

Sv40

Infectious Agents and Cancer volume 2 , Article number: 13 Cite this article. Metrics details. Simian virus 40 SV40 is a monkey virus that was administered to human populations by contaminated vaccines which were produced in SV40 naturally infected monkey cells. Recent molecular biology and epidemiological studies suggest that SV40 may be contagiously transmitted in humans by horizontal infection, independently from the earlier administration of SVcontaminated vaccines. SV40 footprints in humans have been found associated at high prevalence with specific tumor types such as brain and bone tumors, mesotheliomas and lymphomas and with kidney diseases, and at lower prevalence in blood samples from healthy donors. Contrasting reports appeared in the literature on the circulation of SV40 in humans by contagious transmission and its association, as a possible etiologic cofactor, with specific human tumors. As a consequence of the conflicting results, a considerable debate has developed in the scientific community. Simian virus 40 SV40 is a monkey virus which was accidentally administered to humans, in the years '63, through contaminated poliovirus vaccines. The subsequent findings of the transforming and oncogenity activities of the SV40 viral large T Tag and small t tag antigens, have prompted investigations into the potential of SV40 to induce cancer in humans. To date, hundreds of molecular and epidemiologic studies aimed at investigating whether SV40 infects humans, its potential mode of transmission and its putative role in human tumors, have been published. In this review we evaluate the biological, pathological and clinical evidence of SV40 in human cancers, non-malignant diseases and blood samples.

Thus, SV40 may function, all or in part, as an exogenous agent that increases the basal level of spontaneous mutations and sv40 the threshold for tumor development. Here the authors summarize these issues, sv40.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Since its discovery, simian virus 40 SV40 has been one of the most intensely studied animal viruses. The molecular biology of SV40 has led to seminal discoveries in the fields of transcription, DNA replication, and oncogenic transformation Over the last decade, provocative evidence has accumulated that suggests that SV40 may be a human pathogen.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Simian virus 40 SV40 is a DNA virus isolated in from contaminated polio vaccines, that induces mesotheliomas, lymphomas, brain and bone tumors, and sarcomas, including osteosarcomas, in hamsters. It appears unlikely that SV40 infection alone is sufficient to cause human malignancy, as we did not observe an epidemic of cancers following the administration of SVcontaminated vaccines. However, it seems possible that SV40 may act as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of some tumors. In vitro and animal experiments showing cocarcinogenicity between SV40 and asbestos support this hypothesis. Simian virus 40 SV40 was first isolated in from cultures of Rhesus monkey kidney cells used to produce poliovirus vaccines [ 1 ] and was assigned to the family of Polyomaviridae, Polyomavirus genus, closely related to human polyomaviruses BK, JC, KI and WU , based on genomic organization and sequence similarity [ 2 ]. Simian virus 40 does not induce disease in its natural host, the Rhesus monkey, or in other monkey species.

Sv40

Infectious Agents and Cancer volume 2 , Article number: 13 Cite this article. Metrics details. Simian virus 40 SV40 is a monkey virus that was administered to human populations by contaminated vaccines which were produced in SV40 naturally infected monkey cells. Recent molecular biology and epidemiological studies suggest that SV40 may be contagiously transmitted in humans by horizontal infection, independently from the earlier administration of SVcontaminated vaccines. SV40 footprints in humans have been found associated at high prevalence with specific tumor types such as brain and bone tumors, mesotheliomas and lymphomas and with kidney diseases, and at lower prevalence in blood samples from healthy donors.

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Large prospective studies using sensitive and specific reagents for SV40 are needed to determine the prevalence of viral infections in the general population and to define groups of individuals at elevated risk for this emerging pathogen. The site of SV40 latent infection in humans is unknown. Bagella, P. Diamandopoulos, G. White, J. Pass, and P. Garcea, and D. Pepper, C. Molecular Therapy. Dean, F. Levine, D. Banga, V. The hypothesis that fibroblasts are not transformed because they are lysed was supported by transfection experiments in which SV40 genomes mutated in their origin of replication became integrated into the host cell genome and easily produced transformed cell lines. Demetrick, and D.

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Tabuchi, K. Based on what we have learned about the biology of SV40, this virus is a human carcinogen and certain cell types, such as mesothelial cells and astrocytes and probably additional cell types not yet identified, are much more susceptible than others to SV40 malignant transformation. Osteosarcomas with wild-type p53 and those with defective p53 would be candidates for such a comparative analysis. Graham, and J. Maruyama, K. Tognon, and A. Vaccine Ingredients — SV SV40 natural infection in humans is considered a rare event, restricted to people living in contact with monkeys, the natural hosts of the virus, such as inhabitants of Indian villages located close to the jungle, and workers attending to monkeys in zoos and animal facilities [ 61 , 62 ]. Koch, H. Vignocchi, G. Wiestler, and T.